Essay/Term paper: Bacon's rebellion

Essay, term paper, research paper:  World History

Bacon's Rebellion


"Where we do well know that all our causes will be impartially heard and
equally justice administered to all men," as stated by, Nathaniel Bacon. 1 In
1676 an uprising known as Bacon's Rebellion occurred in Virginia. The immediate
cause of this revolt was the dissension between the planters and the Indians.
Because Sir William Berkeley, the Governor of Virginia had willingly denied
support to the farmers, Bacon assumed leadership of an unauthorized expedition
against the Indians. When Bacon learned that Governor Berkeley was rising a
force against him, he turned away from the Indians to fight with Berkley. This
had now become a serious problem for the governor. When news of this revolt had
reached King Charles II, it alarmed him so that he dispatched eleven hundred
troops to Virginia, recalled his governor, and appointed a commission to
determine the causes of the dissatisfaction. Bacon's Rebellion is considered to
be the most important event in the establishment of democracy in colonial
America because the right to vote and social equality were denied to the farmers
by the local government.
The right to vote is a small but crucial part of the democracy. During
the first half of the 17th century the farmers on the plantations in Virginia
were not able to exercise their right to vote. The only people that were able
to vote during this time were the wealthy men who owned land. Overall the
colonists had not been treated fairly. They had been over taxed and denied
their voting rights. To them voting meant that the person they elected was the
person they felt was responsible enough to motivate them and support them.
Unfortunately Governor Sir William Berkeley was not living up to those standards.
Berkeley did not care about the farmers. It was obvious that the only thing he
cared about was making money. The event that sparked the rebellion occurred
when the Indians attacked the farmers. Normally these farmers were expecting to
receive help from the governor. They became irritated when the governor did not
support them. Through the eyes of the freemen this was seen as a big mistake.
Because the governor did not give them the support, they had to take matters
into their own hands. After defeating the Indians, the unofficially elected
Nathaniel Bacon took charge. When he led his men into town to form an assembly,
it would be the first assembly in fifteen years. After the long struggle and
hard fought battle these freemen received their gift. They were finally able to
appeal a law that denied their right to vote. They were now considered legal
voters.
Another important aspect of democracy is social equality. During the
17th century in Virginia, people were either wealthy or poor. The proprietors
held the wealth, while the plantation workers in Virginia were poor. In
addition the farmers had no rights. The freemen had to be taxed and there was
nothing they could do about it. It did not hurt the rich to be taxed because
they could afford it. When the lower-class are taxed, technically you are
taking away at least three-quarters of their earnings. 2 First, half the money
they earn is going to the proprietor, then the King of England takes away the
other quarter they are left with very little. The problems with a society that
has a wide range of classes are certain classes have privileges that other
classes do not. For example the rich people were able to communicate with
Berkeley. The farmers accused the rich men of controlling the whole colony for
their selfish purposes. Rumor had it that Berkeley and his wealthy friends were
interested in trade with the Indians. The frontiers men could only take so much.
Tired of being the poorest people in the colony, they ultimately rebelled.
Bacon and his followers fought for their right to vote and denounced
social inequality in Virginia, by taking matters into their own hands. Bacon's
Rebellion has become the most significant episode leading towards democracy in
colonial America. The consummations of this revolt were acknowledged by the
English as well as the other colonies. Besides influencing governmental
procedures in Virginia, recent research suggests it might have affected English
domestic and foreign policies as well. One researcher claimed that the
concern for representative institutions and the anti-imperialist feeling that
existed in Virginia then was expressed not by the rebels, but by those
suppressing the rebellion and that such democratic attitudes increased
significantly after, rather that immediately before or during Bacon's Rebellion.